Power transmission lines, especially high-voltage and medium-voltage lines, constantly face the risk of lightning strikes, which are one of the leading causes of damage and power supply interruptions. The recent fire at the Cai Lậy substation is a clear example of the severe impact of lightning strikes on the national power grid. This article will provide an overview of the characteristics of transmission lines in relation to lightning, and discuss traditional lightning protection solutions, before introducing an advanced solution—charge dissipation technology, which promises to offer optimal protection for transmission systems.
Medium-voltage and high-voltage transmission lines play a crucial role in ensuring a stable and continuous power supply. However, these systems are often at risk of lightning strikes, especially in areas with complex terrain and harsh weather conditions. Effective lightning protection for both high-voltage and medium-voltage lines is essential to prevent losses and ensure the safety and stability of the national power grid.
For example, on August 31, 2024, the Cai Lậy substation in Vietnam was struck directly by lightning, causing a major fire and widespread power outages. Similarly, on November 6, 2023, a 22kV transmission line in Đăk Nông Province was struck by lightning, resulting in broken insulators and damaged lines. These incidents highlight the urgent need for effective lightning protection solutions for power transmission lines.
Power transmission lines can be classified by voltage levels as follows:
Lightning strikes occur when there is a significant difference in electric charge between clouds or between clouds and the ground. The elevated structures of transmission lines, including substations, poles, and wires, are often in open areas, making them prime targets for lightning strikes. These structures are vulnerable due to their height and lack of natural shielding.
The effects of lightning strikes on transmission lines include severe damage to lines and substation equipment, interruptions to power supply, and even fires. These incidents not only result in economic losses but also pose safety risks to the public.
In the next section, we will explore charge dissipation technology, an advanced solution that offers high efficiency in preventing direct lightning strikes and protecting transmission systems.